Principales complicaciones neonatales asociadas a infección de vías urinarias materna en el Hospital General Guasmo Sur durante el periodo 2022 – 2023.

Abstract

Introduction. Urinary tract infections are one of the most common morbidities during the gestational period and represent an important risk factor for perinatal complications. Worldwide, UTIs have an incidence of 13% with a recurrence of 25% during pregnancy; while, in Ecuador, the incidence is 22%. Objective: Determine the main neonatal complications associated with maternal urinary infection at the Guasmo Sur General Hospital during the period 2022 - 2023. Methodology. An observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out by collecting information from the database provided by the study institution. The population consisted of 140 neonates from whom gynecological- obstetric maternal data was obtained that included: maternal age, pregnancies, premature rupture of membrane and number of prenatal controls; and neonatal data such as birth weight, gestational age, and risk criteria for neonatal sepsis. Results. It was found that 113 of the 140 neonates had mothers with UTI during pregnancy, with the highest incidence in the 2nd trimester, young mothers with few pregnancies presented UTI more frequently during pregnancy and pregnant women with a diagnosis of UTI had a mean between 5 -6 prenatal check-ups. There is an association between low birth weight and UTI, low birth weight and risk of neonatal sepsis. While no relationship was found between PROM and prematurity with UTI. Conclusion. It was concluded that the main associated neonatal complications were low birth weight and neonatal sepsis; no relationship with prematurity was evident. Young motherhood, the second trimester of pregnancy, insufficient prenatal controls and nulliparity represent risk factors for the development of UTI during pregnancy.