Evaluación de las capacidades neurocognitivas en niños con cáncer : un enfoque desde la hospitalización en SOLCA 2024.

Abstract

Neurocognitive abilities refer to the human ability to perform complex mental functions such as understanding, reasoning, concentrating, processing information, learning, communicating effectively, and skillfully manipulating objects. However, in cases of severe pathologies such as cancer, these abilities can be significantly compromised or affected, especially in pediatric patients. Objective: To evaluate neurocognitive abilities in children with cancer hospitalized at SOLCA 2024. Materials and Methods: A non-experimental, cross-sectional, and descriptive study was conducted in a sample of 93 children from the pediatric hospitalization area. Scales such as the Oxford Cognitive Screen (OCS), the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PEDSQL), the Karnofsky Scale, and the Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control (SATCo) were used. Results: Deficiencies were found in the percentage of the population according to the OCS in neurocognitive abilities such as: attention (43%), verbal memory (40%), orientation (39%), numerical processing (38%), calculation (34%), praxis (23%) and executive functions (14%). The quality of life according to PEDSQL was 56.25%, the functionality was adequate according to the Karnofsky index (82%), that is, the population presents signs and discomfort of the disease. Finally, trunk control is considered best (18/20) regarding SATCo. Conclusion: The evaluation shows deficiencies in neurocognitive abilities, especially in attention, memory, orientation, numerical gnosis, praxis and execution. Additionally, the quality of life is regular, and the functionality is adequate, but there are signs of the disease. Trunk control is best. It is important to consider these neurocognitive deficiencies to provide correct rehabilitation protocols to children with cancer.