Prevalencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares asociadas al COVID-19.

Abstract

Introduction: SARS-Cov-2 has an affinity for the respiratory system but can also cause significant cardiovascular complications, including myocardial injury, myocarditis, and frecuently, the decompensation of pre-existing cardiovascular diseases. Objective: To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases associated with COVID-19 in adults at the Guasmo Sur General Hospital. Materials y methods: This study has a quantitative approach, descriptive scope, and a non-experimental cross-sectional design. This study population consisted of 137 patients of both sexes with cardiovascular diseases associated with COVID-19 in the year 2021. Results: A higher prevalence was observed in male patients, with total of 72 cases (34%) among those aged 61-70 years. Among the risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases, hypertension (HTN) was the main indicator. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidemia were present in 43.8% of cases each, while overweight was recorded in 34.3% of cases. smoking (16.1%) and obesity (12.4%) were shown to have a lower prevalence. the most common cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in this study were ischemic heart diseae (24.09%), congestive heart failure (13.87%), and hemorrhagic heart disease (11.68%). however, only 17.52% of the analyzed patients were referred for physical therapy. Conclusion: Although CVDs have been associated with COVID-19, this does not necessarily imply a causal relationship. Conditions such as HTN, diabetes, and dyslipidemias are common worldwide, especially among older adults. However, these risk factors can increase comorbidity in patients with COVID-19, highlighting the importance of cardiorespiratory therapy.