Caso clínico : terapia nutricional en patología renal.

Abstract

Kidney Disease comprises a public health problem generated by the deterioration of the functional unit of the kidney, the nephrons. Diabetes and hypertension are the most common causes that lead to this pathology, being the fourth cause of death in Ecuador. The state of metabolic and catabolic stress leads to a deterioration in nutritional status, thus potentially generating Protein-Energy Wasting (PEW). The present clinical case is of a male patient, with a history of high blood pressure, admitted due to a 15-day history of clinical symptoms, characterized by diarrhea (4 to 5 a day), decreased blood pressure and decreased urination, for which he is diagnosed with kidney disease. Within his anthropometry, he has normal weight according to BMI, severe weight loss in two weeks, with altered biochemicals such as an increase in creatinine, urea, glucose, triglycerides, potassium, AST, ALT and proteins in 24-hour urine; Likewise, a decrease in the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, albumin, prealbumin and transferrin. Therefore, a soft intestinal diet low in protein is suggested, with a caloric distribution of 54% CHO, 11% protein (0.7 g/kg/day), 35% fat, in addition to starting nutritional support with oral supplementation.