Prevalencia de etiología viral en infección respiratoria aguda grave, IRAG, Hospital del Niño Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, periodo 2018-2022.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: to establish the prevalence of viral etiology in SARI at the Dr. Francisco De Icaza Bustamante children's hospital, in the period 2018 to 2022. METHODOLOGY: a descriptive, retrospective study was carried out in patients with a diagnosis of SARI who underwent a nasopharyngeal swab by PCR, with a positive result at the Dr. Francisco De Icaza Bustamante children's hospital from january 2018 to december 2022. The variables used were: age, sex, origin, month and year of admission, comorbidities, need for admission to pediatric intensive care unit, and patient discharge condition. The data were collected by the hospital's epidemiology department through SIVE-ALERTA. RESULTS: 726 cases of severe acute respiratory infection with positive nasopharyngeal swab results were identified. The sex with the greatest predominance was male. The most affected age group were infants under 12 months. The origin was greater in the province of Guayas, mainly from the cantons of Guayaquil and Durán. The months with the most reported cases were March and April in 2021 and May and June in 2022. The etiological agent most detected by nasopharyngeal swab (PCR) was the Respiratory Syncytial virus and in 2020 SARSCov 2. Presence of comorbidities was not greater than 17%. The most frequently observed comorbidities were heart disease, neurological diseases and immunodeficiencies. The need for admission to intensive care did not exceed 12%. Mortality did not exceed 8%. CONCLUSIONS: it is concluded that males and young infants are the patients with the highest risk of presenting SARI of viral origin and the virus with the highest prevalence is respiratory syncytial virus.