Prevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a obstrucción intestinal en pacientes de 5 a 10 años atendidos en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante en el periodo de enero 2021 a enero 2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Intestinal obstruction is the alteration or complete stoppage of intestinal transit due to an underlying disease. It can be classified in different ways such as: acute or chronic, mechanical or adynamic, simple and strangulated. Acute obstructions will be those that have developed in less than 42 hours, while chronic obstructions have an evolution greater than 42 hours. Objective: Determine the prevalence and risk factors of intestinal obstruction syndrome in scholar kids (5-10 years old) in the Francisco Icaza Bustamente Hospital in the period from January 2021 until January 2023. Metod: This research work has an observational and descriptive, non-experimental approach. Which is carried out by reviewing medical records belonging to patients hospitalized in the gastroenterology area of the Francisco Icaza Bustamante hospital. The main diagnoses on which we have based our research are those related to the syndrome of intestinal obstruction such as intestinal adhesions with obstruction, congenital malformation, trauma to multiple intra-abdominal organs and strange body in the digestive tract. Results: The prevalence of intestinal obstruction was 50% of the patients in this database, of which 43.3% resided in urban areas and 66.6% of them were male. The main symptoms were constipation and abdominal distention. Conclusion: The prevalence of intestinal obstruction in the present study was 50% in children aged 5 to 10 years. Among the epidemiological characteristics, a higher incidence of intestinal obstruction was observed in males and the age most affected by this type of syndrome was 8 years. Most of the affected patients resided mainly in urban areas. Finally, it was found that the factors associated with intestinal obstruction within the statistical analysis carried out in this study were: abdominal trauma and strange body in the digestive tract.