Prevalencia de ascitis por hipertensión portal y otras etiologías en pacientes adultos del Hospital General del Norte IESS Los Ceibos durante el periodo 2022-2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Ascites is defined as an accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, in Ecuador it is the 10th cause of death in the country according to INEC data, which represents a total of 2,314 deaths in 2020. And it often occurs as result of other etiologies. Objective: This study seeks to determine the prevalence of the various etiologies that cause ascites in adult patients. Identify sex, age group, socioeconomic level, risk factors, clinical manifestations and mortality. Methodology: The present study is descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective. Of 438 patients, 120 met the criteria for the investigation. The data were collected in Microsoft Excel and tabulated for final analysis. Results: The most notable group turned out to be male patients aged 51-61 years, representing 20.8%, with a low socioeconomic level of 27.5%. For the hypertension portal, alcoholism emerges as the most prominent risk factor with 52.63%. The most prevalent condition is liver cirrhosis with SAAG levels greater than 1.1 g/dl affecting 80%. And the most frequent cause of mortality is liver cirrhosis, equivalent to 17%. Conclusions: An increase in patients was observed in relation to the year 2022 and 2023. The predominant group was males aged 51-61 years with 20.8% and low socioeconomic level of 27.5%. Finally, portal hypertension stands out as the main cause of ascites, with alcoholism being the most common risk factor and cirrhosis the most prevalent condition with SAAG levels greater than 1.1 g/dl.