Prevalencia de fractura nasal en pacientes atendidos en el área de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital General del Norte IESS Los Ceibos durante el año 2021-2022.

Abstract

Introduction: Globally, nasal fractures are the most common type of facial fracture and account for 40 to 58% of facial fractures. The nasal bone is also the third most fractured bone in the body. Nasal fractures due to facial trauma retain their condition in a relatively short time, between 1 and 2 weeks, and cause deformities with a high incidence of approximately 14 to 50%. The imaging diagnosis is important to prevent complications and to provide timely treatment. Objective: Estimate the prevalence of nasal fracture in patients treated in the Otorhinolaryngology area of the Hospital General IESS de Los Ceibos during the year 2021-2022. Methodology: This is a descriptive, observational, and retrospective study in patients between 15 and 65 years, who were attended by the otorhinolaryngology area at the Hospital General IESS de Los Ceibos in 2021- 2022. Results: There were 161 (75%) cases of nasal fracture, while the remaining 54 (25%) cases did not present such injury. The 74% with a frequency of 119 patients corresponded to the male sex and the most common cause was car accident (33%). The most frequent age range was 25 to 34 years with 65 cases (40%), and their most common cause also was car accidents (37%). The average age of the patients was 33.76 years. The most common causes were traffic accidents (29.8%) and aggression by direct blow (29.2%). Edema of the nasal dorsum (67%), laterorrhinia (31%) and epistaxis (30%) were the most frequent manifestations. Regarding the type of fracture, 42% of the cases corresponded to type III fracture and the management was with close reduction in most cases. Conclusion: The prevalence of nasal fracture in patients attended by the otorhinolaryngology area of the Hospital IESS de los Ceibos during the period 2021-2022 was 75%.