Manifestaciones neuropsiquiátricas en pacientes con diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo durante el año 2022.

Abstract

Introduction: Regarding the background of studies on the prevalence of neuropsychiatric manifestations, it is worth mentioning the article by Wenninger from Paraguay, in which it is mentioned that the prevalence is 75% in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Objectives: This study seeks to establish what were the neuropsychiatric manifestations presented in patients with SLE at HTMC in 2022, relate them to the disease activity index, the positivity of the antibodies and the time of evolution. Finally, we seek to determine the mortality rate in these patients. Materials and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective observational study was carried out with information obtained from medical records of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital of patients with a diagnosis of SLE treated in 2022. We worked with 338 patients and applying the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, a population of 161 patients was obtained. Results: 55.2% of the patients in this sample presented neuropsychiatric manifestations, of which the most frequent age range was 41-60 years, the female sex was predominant. Discussion: Our study coincided with that of Alammari, Saudi Arabia, 2021 regarding the high prevalence of neuropsychiatric manifestations in patients with SLE. 86.9% of our patients were women, which is shared by Morrison, New York, 2014 23 in their study, where 85% were also women. Conclusions: The main neurological manifestations found were headache, depression and anxiety. It was found that there is a relationship between the positivity of certain antibodies and the lupus activity index of the disease. No relationship was found between the time of evolution of the disease and the neuropsychiatric manifestations. Finally, a low mortality rate was observed in these patients.