Inhibidores del cotransportador sodio – glucosa tipo 2 como factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de urosepsis en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital de Especialidades Abel Gilbert Pontón desde el año 2020 al 2023.

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus type 2 is a pathology that represents the second cause of death in Ecuador, sepsis represents a significant percentage of the complications that occur in patients hospitalized with this disease, being responsible for 22% of deaths in this population. Recently, the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (ISGLT-2) has been associated with the presence of urinary tract infections. The present investigation is considered necessary, since these patients represent a group with multiple comorbidities. This study is a cohort, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and analytical study, which involves patients with a diagnosis of urosepsis in patients over 18 years of age in the Intensive Care Unit of the Abel Gilbert Pontón Hospital from 2020 to 2023. It was found that out of 248 patients, only 44.40% (110) of the patients used the drug, which 54.55% (60) presented urosepsis and of these 20% (12) survived; in contrast to 45.45% (50) who did not presented urosepsis. Likewise, it was determined that patients who used ISGLT-2 had a lower score on the APACHE II scale and therefore a lower probability of mortality upon admission to the Intensive Care Unit. The use of ISGLT-2 in Ecuador is still very limited; For this investigation, it was observed that it has favorable effects in the population with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and urosepsis, acting as a protective factor against complicated urinary tract infection in patients who did not present urinary tract obstruction.