Prevalencia de gastroenteritis aguda en pacientes pediátricos de 5 a 15 años que acuden al Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS los CEIBOS durante enero del 2017 a diciembre del 2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Gastroenteritis is an infectious pathology that is characterized by diarrheal stools, vomiting and abdominal pain; caused by bacteria, parasites and/or viruses. Common complications that may occur are dehydration, paralytic ileus, volume depletion, and hypovolemic shock. Objective: Estimate the prevalence of acute gastroenteritis in pediatric patients aged 5 to 15 years who attend the General Hospital of the North of Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos during January 2017 to December 2019. Material and methods: Descriptive epidemiological study of prevalence, retrospective, observational with review of medical records in pediatric patients aged 5 to 15 years who attend the General Hospital of the North of Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos Results: 87% of pediatric patients had diarrheal stools during their gastroenteritis, with males being the most affected with an average of 7 years old. Through data collection, it was determined that the most frequent bacteria were 87% Salmonella, 13% E. coli. Among the common parasites; E. histolytica being 15% of the cases, Blastocystis hominis with 13%, Giardia lamblia with 7% and finally Cryptosporidium 2%. There are also viruses that cause gastroenteritis, in this case 78% of the cases were due to Rotavirus. Conclusion: 44% of the patients presented moderate dehydration and in addition the complications that were evident in the study were few but still worth taking into consideration, such as volume depletion, paralytic ileus and gastrointestinal bleeding.