Conocimiento de métodos anticonceptivos en adolescentes de 11 a 18 años que acuden a una institución educativa de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Adolescence is a stage of physical, emotional and social changes, where they begin to explore their identity and interpersonal relationships. In an Educational Institution in the city of Guayaquil, a worrying lack of knowledge about contraceptive methods in adolescents is evident since they were 11 to 18 years old, the lack of information causes unwanted pregnancies and the interruption of their studies, which is why we formulated the Objective: Identify the knowledge of contraceptive methods in adolescents who attend an educational institution in the city of Guayaquil. Methodology: descriptive, quantitative, prospective and transversal study. Technique: Survey. Instrument: Questionnaire on contraceptive methods. Population: 360 adolescents Sample: 200. Results: Sociodemographic characteristics: sex male with 51%, religion Catholic (49%), urban residence (83%), average economic level 87%. Regarding contraceptive methods, the male condom is the best known, reaching 42%. On the other hand, hormonal contraceptives, such as pills and injectable methods, accounted for 26% each. Regarding surgical methods, salpingoclasia was 51% known by adolescents, followed by the IUD with 35%. Regarding natural methods, sexual abstinence was 40%. According to the degree of acceptability, a moderate level was obtained in 83.0% of the adolescents. Conclusion: The knowledge that adolescents have about contraceptive methods showed that for barrier and hormonal methods a high level of knowledge. However, for surgical and natural contraceptives it is lower.