Análisis de factores determinantes de la Inversión Extranjera Directa (IED) : un estudio para la atracción de IED a nivel de subsectores en Ecuador empleando un modelo clúster.

Abstract

Foreign Direct Investment has consolidated a phenomenon in trade opening, the result of the convergence of international interests, which has determined FDI flows as key to economic development. Given this, Ecuador has shown different uncertainties in relation to this indicator, positioning it as the country with the lowest foreign investment. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the macro and microeconomic determinants of foreign direct investment through a cluster model to identify viable strategic subsectors for attracting FDI. This underlines a challenge in attracting foreign capital flows that contributes to the development of new strategic profiles that denotes profitable capacity. In this context, analyzing historical data that determines investment at the country and South American level gives us a complete vision, concatenating with the macro and microeconomic indicators that characterize the determining factors of FDI. This results in an exploratory analysis formalized by a cluster model that allows companies in each sector to be categorized according to their indicators, classifying viable scenarios for attracting them. This leads to a proposal that promotes the diversification of Foreign Direct Investment in new strategic profiles.