Prevalencia de fracturas dentales por estrés, como consecuencia de la pandemia del COVID-19 en los pacientes atendidos en el área de Odontología del Hospital Liborio Panchana Sotomayor en el año 2020 - 2021.

Abstract

Introduction: Study of the prevalence of dental fractures associated with stress as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic in patients treated in the Dentistry area of the Liborio Panchana Sotomayor Hospital in the year 2020-2021. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of dental fractures associated with stress as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic in patients treated in the Dentistry area of the Liborio Panchana Sotomayor Hospital in the year 2020-2021. Materials and Methods: Information was collected from the patients' medical records using the SAIS. Instruments were used for data collection: Scale of Perceived Stress related to COVID-19 (EPP-10-C) and Self-Reported Bruxism Questionnaire (CBA). The descriptive statistics were carried out in the EXCEL program and the analytical statistics were carried out in the SPSS program. The chi square test was applied to study associations between variables with a confidence level of 95% and a statistical significance of 0.05. Results: From a universe of 110 patients, a sample of 86 individuals (n=86) was estimated, it was observed that 0.63 of the participants were women, the age group most frequently being 37-47 years; 57% of the sample registered fissures and/or dental fractures, with molars being the most affected teeth, vital in 51% of the cases. The results of the EPP-10-C showed that 53% were exposed to "Medium Stress", and of the CBA that 43% "Never" presented bruxism. 64% of those surveyed are unaware of Bruxism. A statistical association was found between dental fracture with dental group (p-value=0.009<0.05) and stress with bruxism (p-value=0.005<0.05). Conclusion: Medium stress levels were perceived in the time of COVID-19. Stress is a factor that influences the activity of bruxism. A high percentage of patients are unaware of bruxism, its meaning and effect, even presenting the symptoms, they are unaware of the need for treatment. Therefore, many of the cases of fissures and fractures were due to possible bruxism, and other risk factors. The evidence does not show clear data on whether there is a direct relationship with bruxism. Most authors agree that teeth crack and fracture for multifactorial reasons.