Frecuencia de necrosis en pacientes con pie diabético que asisten al Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS los Ceibos.

Abstract

The diabetic foot is a chronic complication of diabetes characterized by deep tissue damage in the lower extremities associated with peripheral nerve and vascular disease. Objective: To determine the frequency of necrosis in patients with diabetic foot who attend the General Hospital of the North of Guayaquil IESS los Ceibos. Methodology: Descriptive, quantitative, crosssectional, retrospective. Population: 226 patients with diabetic foot. Results: The frequency of diabetic foot necrosis for the year 2019 was 77.40% and for the year 2020 it was 72.50%. Sociodemographic characteristics: Sex: Male: 56.33% and female 47.67%. Age 90.8% are over 51 years old, followed by 6.6% between 46 and 50 years old. Ethnicity: 97.82% mestizo. Region from 94.32% Coast. Clinical manifestations. 71.62% fever, 62.01% malaise, 58.52% pain, 12.23% edema, 2.15% blister, 0.87% purulent discharge and 0.44% sepsis. Location of diabetic foot necrosis: 33.2% in proximal phalanges, 22.3% distal phalanges, 21.0% metatarsals, 14.0% medial phalanges, 6.1% tarsals, 2.2% sole and 1.3% full cake. Treatment used: 76.0% cleaning to extract dead tissue, followed by 17% partial amputations and 7% total foot amputations. Conclusions: Necrosis in patients with diabetic foot continues to be a problem in health systems.