Correlación entre la escala de Kramer y los niveles de bilirrubina sérica en neonatos con incompatibilidad sanguínea en el Hospital General Guasmo Sur, periodo 2019-2020.

Abstract

Introduction: Blood group incompatibility is defined as the presence of antigens in the fetal red blood cells that are not present in the mother's red blood cells. This can trigger an immune response from the maternal organism given by the immunoglobulins, which produces the activation of isoimmunization of the fetus and the mother. Objective: This research aims to determine the correlation between the Kramer scale and serum bilirubin levels in neonates with blood group incompatibility at the “Hospital General Guasmo Sur” from 2019 to 2020. Methodology: Observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical, correlational level study, carried out in the neonatology area. It comprises 113 neonates born with blood group incompatibility who met the inclusion criteria and whose data were obtained from medical records, performed with statistical techniques, using absolute and relative frequency, and percentages for the variables. Results: Of the 113 newborns, 57 are women and 56 are men. Regarding the type of blood group incompatibility, it was found that the most frequent is the ABO group with 98 (86.7%) newborns, followed by the RH group with 11 (9.7%) newborns and the ABO-RH type with 4 (3.5%) newborns. The correlation between the Kramer scale at 6 and 12 hours, showed that the most frequent zone was zone 0 (61.9%). Conclusion: There is a correlation between serum bilirubin levels and the Kramer scale at six and twelve hours; however, its significance is greater at twelve hours.