Valoración de la episiotomía por parto fisiológico en puérperas atendidas en el área de post parto de un Hospital de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

The episiotomy is that cut that is made in the area of the perineum in order to open the vaginal canal to facilitate the birth process, its assessment allows identifying signs and symptoms that can harm the recovery of the mother. Objective To assess episiotomy for physiological delivery in postpartum women in the postpartum area, in a hospital in the city of Guayaquil during the period from September 2021 to August 2022. Methodology. Descriptive, quantitative, prospective cross-sectional study. Through direct observation technique, with implementation of direct observation check list. The population is made up of a total of 50 women who had physiological childbirth, with a sample of 100% of the total patient population, which were chosen by a simple random method. Results Primiparous patients whose age range was from 22 to 27 years, mestizo ethnicity, belonging to the urban area, academic preparation at the secondary level and currently working, their stage of pregnancy complied with 5 prenatal controls. Among the clinical manifestations by evaluation of the Reeda scale, redness was found in 68%, perineal edema in 48%, ecchymosis in 56%, without the presence of drainage in 82%, or wound approximation in 80%. Finally, according to the nursing diagnoses, a similar percentage was found in mothers between decreased tolerance to activity and fatigue 32% followed by impaired tissue integrity 27% moments after delivery. Conclusion The presence of complications in performing episiotomy was evidenced.