Incidencia de delirium utilizando la Escala de Cornell en niños críticamente enfermos, ingresados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Roberto Gilbert Elizalde en el periodo junio-noviembre 2021

Abstract

Background: Delirium is a pathology with acute brain dysfunction, it can occur in seriously ill patients admitted to the PICU and generate serious consequences if it is not diagnosed and treated in time. The diagnosis is made with DSM-V criteria. Some scales have proven effective in diagnosing this pathology, including the Cornell Scale. Objective: To determine the incidence of delirium using the Cornell Scale in critically ill children admitted to the intensive care unit of the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital in the period June - November 2021. Materials and methods: A descriptive, prospective, longitudinal study was carried out, incidence design and data obtained from the medical records of 389 patients, in order to determine the incidence of delirium using the Cornell Scale in critically ill children (19 presented delirium and 19 obtained this diagnosis according to the Cornell Scale). The descriptive analysis was done with frequencies and percentages. Results: The patients had a male predominance (57.9%), between 1 and 5 years (36.8%), with hyperactive delirium (73.7%), 2 or more predisposing factors (47.4%), precipitants (89.5%), infectious etiology ( 36.8%), 3 to 4 days of sedation (47.4%, administration of 2 or more sedatives (84.2%). Conclusions: The incidence of delirium in the PICU of the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde hospital between June-November 2021 was 4.8%. There was a predominance of the hyperactive type of delirium, male sex and hospitalization >5 days as the main predisposing factors and the presence of more than two precipitating factors.