Factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de pie diabético en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo II en el Hospital de la Policía Nacional entre enero 2018 y enero 2021.

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic foot is the development of ulcerative lesions at the level of the lower extremities, being highly progressive, common in patients with diabetes mellitus. This type of complication is frequent and has a negative impact on quality of life. Objective: To determine the main risk factors for the development of diabetic foot in patients treated at the Police General Hospital in the period from January 2018 to 2021. Methodology: It consists of a crosssectional, non-experimental investigative work whose analysis of the collected information was carried out in a descriptive, observational, retrospective way, Results: 65% of the cases were male and the age range between 59 and 65 years had the largest number of patients. Arterial hypertension was reported in 71.6%, alcoholism in 60.3% and tobacco consumption in 31.1%. 53.3% of the cases were overweight and 67.7% reported poor adherence to treatment. The high body mass index is correlated with a higher degree of severity of the injury (p<0.05). Using Chi Square, it was identified that there is a significant statistical relationship between the development of diabetic foot and the risk factors mentioned. Conclusions: Male sex and age between 59 and 65 years are the most prevalent non-modifiable factors in diabetic foot, while alcohol consumption, overweight and high blood pressure are the most important modifiable risk factors.