Prevalencia de sífilis congénita en el Complejo Hospitalario Alejandro Mann, periodo comprendido entre 2016 y 2019.

Abstract

Vertical transmission of syphilis is an important public health problem despite all the preventive strategies implemented worldwide and several favorable characteristics such as inexpensive screening tests, effective, fairly accessible and safe treatment; therefore, in this observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study, the aim was to determine the prevalence of congenital syphilis in newborns in the study hospital and to describe demographic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of their mothers. Results: We included 64 mothers with presumptive syphilis infection with 68 products. Of these neonates, 83.8% received at least one dose of Penicillin with an average onset of 3.75 ± 6.1 days of life, 56 met some criteria of the World Health Organization for case definition, indicating a prevalence of 0.16%. The main consequences at birth were: intraventricular hemorrhages, hyperbilirubinemia without incompatibility, anemia or radiolucent alterations in long bone radiographs in more than 60% of the population, cellular alterations in the cerebrospinal fluid (58.8%), some degree of prematurity (33.8%), low birth weight (33.8%), 8 patients with neuro syphilis, 63% absenteeism was evidenced in the follow-up after discharge. Of the mothers, more than 80% were young women under 30 years of age, 89.1% had suboptimal screening, 62.5% had a late initial diagnosis, which prevents effective treatment to prevent vertical transmission of the disease, increasing the risk of complications in the newborn.