Embarazo en la adolescencia y factores asociados en seis consultorios de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria. Centro de Salud Pascuales. Año 2021.

Abstract

Background: Adolescence derives from the Latin adolecere (to grow), between 10 and 19 years old. The factors associated with pregnancy in adolescence are diverse, being a Public Health problem, more frequent in developing countries. Methods: A relational, observational, prospective, analytical, case-control study was conducted. The study population consisted of 45 adolescents with a history of pregnancy and 80 adolescents without a history of pregnancy in six Family and Community Medicine offices of the Pascuales health center. The survey was prepared by the researcher and endorsed by experts. The data obtained were processed, analyzed in the SPSS version 22.0 program and the Chi square test was used to determine the statistical association between variables. Results: Adolescents without a history of pregnancy predominated 64 % and in adolescents with a history of pregnancy the age of 16 to 17, inadequate economic income 93.3 %, unfinished secondary school 62,2 %, dysfunctional families 91,1 %, family history teenage pregnancy 88,9 %, lack of knowledge about contraceptive methods 64,4 % and pregnancy complications 84,4 %, age of first sexual intercourse 10-14 years 55.6 %, 100% did not use contraceptives. Conclusions: A significant statistical association was demonstrated between inadequate economic income, poor level of schooling, family dysfunction, family history of pregnancy in adolescence, lack of knowledge about contraceptive methods and pregnancy complications, initiation of sexual relations at an early age without the use of contraceptives, proving the hypothesis.