Diseño de una estrategia educativa para mejorar el autocuidado en pacientes de 40 a 64 años con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Consultorio Nº 2. Centro de Salud Balao. Año 2021.

Abstract

Background: The recommendations of the World Health Organization emphasize a timely and self-care education of patients with type II diabetic mellitus. It is essential to promote the development of educational strategies that promote healthier lifestyles for the entire population. Methods: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out, consisting of 37 type II diabetic patients from the Balao Health Center No. 2, the information was collected by means of a survey, which included three components: sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, knowledge about diabetes and self-care, components for the educational strategy. Results: The age group that predominated was 45-49 years with 35.1%, female. 55.6% married marital status. 62.2% with primary level completed. Occupation dominated housewife 51.4%, mixed race with 86.5%. Inadequate nutritional habits 62.2%, inadequate physical activity with 73.0%. Knowledge of foot care, not adequate with 81.1%. 64.9% do not know normal fasting glycemia values. Knowledge of the chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus, 75.7% do not know. The strategy was made up of weekly talks in the health center, 30 minutes long, in the morning, a group of 5 to 10 people. Conclusions: A large percentage of patients with diabetes mellitus 2 have inappropriate habits with a lack of knowledge about good self-care. Therefore, it is necessary to implement educational strategies that raise the level of knowledge and adapt healthy lifestyles to prevent complications