Validación retrospectiva de "HEART Score" en pacientes con dolor precordial que acuden a emergencia del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el periodo enero 2018 - septiembre 2020, Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Abstract

Introduction: Precordial pain is one of the most frequent symptoms in patients who go to the emergency department and it could be related to important cardiac syndromes, so it is essential to predict the possibility of developing a major cardiovascular event (MACE) early. For this, there are tools in the form of scales that allow calculating this risk, and it is precisely the objective of this study to validate the “HEART Score”, a simple and fast tool based on an electrocardiographic record, troponins and clinical assessment by the doctor. Interestingly this scale has demonstrated better predictive value than the scale Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) previously considered the best tool. Methodology: It is an analytical, observational, retrospective and longitudinal study. Information was collected from the medical records of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital for the purpose of emergency consultation for chest pain (ICD-10: R07.2) in the period from January 2018 to September 2020. These patients were made at their own expense. once a follow-up of at least three months to show the presence of some MACE. Results: With a sample of 282 patients, the group with a score from 0 to 3 has an eventuality of 2 out of 140 (1.4%), the set of scores from 4 to 6 has a frequency of 22 out of 97 (22.7%). ) and the score of 7 to 10 has an occurrence of 34 of 11 (75.6%) at 3 months. While the individual score that is mostly related to MACE was 10 with 100%. scores 8 and 9 presented respectively 75% and 91.67%, associated with this event. On the other hand, a 0% probability of some event corresponded to scores 0, 1 and 2. Conclusion: The HEART Score is validatable and applicable in the Ecuadorian population as a prediction tool for the development of MACE. It allows triage of patients with chest pain quickly and adjusted to the reality of Ecuador.