Afectación funcional del ventrículo izquierdo en niños con Enfermedad de Kawasaki en etapa aguda en el hospital Roberto Gilbert Elizalde desde octubre 2018 a octubre 2019.

Abstract

Background: Kawasaki disease is an acute, multisystemic vasculitis, which constitutes one of the main causes of acquired heart diseases in children. The main cause of extracoronary heart abnormalities is myocarditis, which can cause left ventricular dysfunction, which carries a risk of developing ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and sudden death. Objective: To establish whether there is an alteration in the function of the left ventricle in patients with Kawasaki disease in the acute stage, which cannot be evaluated by conventional echocardiographic methods. Material and methods: Capture of new cases admitted with the ICD 10 Code: M303 (Mucocutaneous lymphonodular syndrome) in the acute stage at the Hospital de Niños “Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde” from October 2018 to October 2019 and performance of conventional echocardiography and Speckle Tracking echocardiogram with IMPAX system. Results: Between October 2018 and October 2019, 14 cases of Kawasaki disease were obtained and compared with 10 controls corresponding to healthy children who underwent control echocardiograms. In our study, it was observed that all patients with coronary aneurysms and 33% of patients with dilated coronary arteries, presented alterations in the LGS, despite presenting preserved LVEF (> 60%); after comparing 14 patients with Kawasaki disease and 10 control patients, he found lower values of global longitudinal Strain in patients with Kawasaki (-20.37 vs. 22.23; p = 0.212). This marks a clear relationship between the incipient decrease in myocardial motility and the acute phase of Kawasaki disease. Conclusion: Kawasaki disease in the acute stage causes functional alterations in the left ventricle of the heart in children with this disease, in patients with coronary alterations despite having preserved LVEF.