Correlación del 18F-FDG-PET/CT y la biopsia de médula ósea en la estadificación de los pacientes con linfomas atendidos en el Instituto Oncológico Nacional Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo (SOLCA) de la ciudad de Santiago de Guayaquil (2015-2018).

Abstract

Background: For the staging of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the bone marrow biopsy (BMO) is currently the Gold Standard, however, in the last years, the BMO has been complemented with imaging diagnosis: the 18F-FDG PET / CT. Although both techniques are complementary, in some cases it has been reported that the use of 18F-FDG PET / CT gives the same results as those obtained by BMO. Objective: To compare the results of Bone Marrow Infiltration obtained by PET Scan CT against those obtained by Bone Barrow Biopsy in patients with an initial diagnosis of lymphoma. Materials and Methods: Retrospective, observational and descriptive case series study in which the necessary data were collected by reviewing the clinical histories of the patients who have attended the Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo Oncological Institute (SOLCA), over a period of three years starting in 2015 to 2018. Results. 39 patients (34.21%) had Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), the majority of them were men under 20 years of age. On the other hand, 74 patients had (65.48%) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), the majority of them were men between 51 and 70. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) of the PET in LH were: 85.7%, 70%, 40%, and 95.4% respectively, while for NHL these values were 50%, 72.2%, 25%, and 88.6%, respectively. According to the Chi-square Test results, PET will more accurately recognize lymphomatous infiltration in bone marrow in patients with HL (p <0.05) than with NHL. Conclusions. 18-FDG-PET / CT shows a great diagnostic precision for the staging of lymphomas, particularly in Hodgkin's lymphomas; but in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), statistical significance was not achieved. It is why it is concluded that PET is a complementary but not a substitute tool for BMO to establish bone involvement due to NHL.