Incidencia y factores de riesgo del síndrome de abstinencia en los pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos del hospital de niños "Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde" en el periodo de julio a diciembre del 2017.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the incidence and risk factors for developing withdrawal syndrome. Methodology: A retrospective, observational, analytical and control case study was carried out in the intensive care unit of the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital from July to December 2017, ventilated and sedated patients for more than 48 hours and who used relaxants were included muscle. Drugs for sedation and analgesia, days of use, total cumulative dose of sedatives were evaluated. For its diagnosis of SA, the Sophia Observation Withdrawal Symtoms Scale (SOWS) was recorded, and the epidemiological tool CALCUPEDEV v10 was also used. Results: 155 patients were included and of these 53 patients were affected with a diagnosis of SA, the incidence is 34%. The most frequent SOWS items were tachypnea, tachycardia and sweating. Odds ratio with a score of 2.91 indicating a positive association was used to assess the probability of events, that is, the presence of sedative analgesia with relaxants is more associated with developing SA. Conclusions: It was determined that the acumulative dose of benzodiazepines with opioids does not influence, but rather the concomitant use with neuromuscular blockers to develop SA in up to 60%.