Prevalencia de fístula anal y factores de riesgo asociados de pacientes afiliados al ISSFA atendidos en el Hospital Naval de Guayaquil durante el periodo agosto 2014 - agosto 2019.

Abstract

Descriptive, retrospective, comparative cross-sectional and single-center study whose objective is to identify the associated risk factors in patients diagnosed with anorectal fistula who were treated by the General Surgery service at the Hospital Naval Guayaquil (HOSNAG) during the period between August 2014 to August 2019. Materials and methods: 395 medical records with an initial diagnosis of perianal abscess were analyzed, of which only 254 met the inclusion criteria of the study between 2014 and 2019. Socio-demographic variables, personal pathological history, clinical variables such as Bristol scale and the frequency of complications such as anorectal fistula. Results: 43% of patients with anorectal abscess developed an anal fistula during outpatient follow-up. The results obtained by univariate statistics did not show statistical significance for any of the variables potentially defined as a risk factor for the complication of anal fistula. Conclusion: The present series did not identify risk factors associated with the study population, however it leaves a gap in research on diabetes as a risk factor and the use of antibiotics as a protective factor.