Factores que condicionan el desarrollo de trombosis venosa en pacientes con catéter venoso central ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital de Niños Roberto Gilbert Elizalde durante el semestre septiembre 2018 a febrero 2019.

Abstract

Background: Advances in the management and survival of severe pediatric pathology have led to an increase in thromboembolic phenomena, given the frequent need for central venous catheters (CVC). Materials and Methods: an observational, prospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study to identify factors that conditioned the development of venous thrombosis in patients with CVC admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Information was collected on a predesigned file of all patients with CVC older than 7 days and venous Doppler echo was performed to identify the presence or absence of thrombi. Results: 50 patients were studied, of which 35 met the inclusion criteria, of which 5 (14%) presented venous thrombosis associated with the catheter, 4 of them were preschoolers, 3 male children and 2 female children, 3 children with adequate nutritional status, 2 had a history of congenital heart disease and 2 no associated comorbidity. The cause of hospitalization was: by infection 2 cases and by decompensation of heart disease 2 cases. Two thrombi were identified at the femoral and subclavian level and 1 at the jugular level. All CVCs were bilumen, placed by the intensivist fellow, 3 central venous catheters were programmed, 2 were placed urgently, all with a single puncture at the time of the procedure. Conclusions: The factors that condition the development of venous thrombosis are age (more common in preschoolers), male sex, with adequate nutritional status and comorbidities. The CVCs that developed thrombi were those of localization at the level of the femoral and subclavian veins, bilumen, placed by the intensivist fellow, programmed and to which a single puncture was performed for placement.