Complicaciones otorrinolaringológicas de la rinitis alérgica en pacientes que acuden a la consulta externa en el Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos entre julio 2018 a julio 2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis is defined as an inflammation of the nasal mucosa mediated by IgE, which, being a chronic disease can trigger multiple complications such as: sinusitis, serous otitis media, conductive hearing loss and eustachian salpingitis. Objectives: To evaluate the complications of allergic rhinitis in the service of Otolaryngology at Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos between July 2018 and July 2019. Methods: It is a non-experimental research of descriptive type focused on retrospective approach and longitudinal study in patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis who had complications. Non-probabilistic sampling of data collection was used through clinical histories of patients which were reported in the AS-400 system under the allergic rhinitis code, between July 2018 and July 2019. Results: A study was conducted with 583 patients diagnosed with Allergic Rhinitis, where 120 cases developed otolaryngological complications, that is to say, 20.58% of cases. In relation to age the group of 1 to 14 years with 83 cases (69.17%), followed by ratios between 15 and 40 years with 31 cases (25.83%), patients over 40 years of age with 6 cases (5.00%). The results of the complications were, sinusitis 45 cases (37.5%), serous otitis media 38 cases (31.67%), eustachian salpingitis 20 cases (14.16%), conductive hearing loss 17 cases (14.16%). Conclusion: It is identified that the most common otolaryngological complications were sinusitis and serous otitis media, which occurred mainly in pediatric patients aged 1 to 14 years and especially in the male sex.