Influencia de la hiponatremia en la mortalidad de pacientes que cursan con sepsis en UCI del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo y Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Ceibos en el periodo 2018 - 2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Hyponatremia, a common hydroelectrolytic disorder in critically ill patients, may be involved in changing the prognosis of sepsis, increasing its mortality. Objective: To evaluate the influence of hyponatremia on the mortality of patients with sepsis on the Intensive Care Units at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo hospital and the IESS Ceibos General Hospital of the North of Guayaquil. Materials and methods: Observational, analytical and retrospective study, carried out in two hospitals in the city of Guayaquil: Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital and General Hospital del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos, in their respective Intensive Care Units between January 2018 to January 2019, patients diagnosed with sepsis who developed disturbances of sodium balance were included. Results: A total of 195 patients were studied, data that was collected and tabulated in cross tables with the variables: age, sex, sodium levels, risk factors, associated pathologies, hospitalization time, state of discharge. The mortality of the patients with hyponatremia was found to be 60%. The mortality risk factors present in hyponatremic patients were diabetes (28,94%) and previous surgeries (15,79%), with a p value of 0,428. The most prevalent focus of infection in these patients was the abdominal one (13,15%), followed by soft tissue infections (7,89%) and urinary tract infections (7,89%) with a p value of 0,141. Conclusions: Hyponatremia influences the mortality of patients with sepsis, worsening their prognosis. The mortality rate of sepsis patients presenting hyponatremia in the ICU was 60%.