Estudio comparativo de la mortalidad en el trauma craneoencefálico severo, en que se realizó craneotomía descompresiva versus el tratamiento conservador en pacientes del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo 2017- 2018.

Abstract

Introduction: Cranioencephalic traumatisms are complex injuries that produce a wide range of symptoms and disabilities depending on the severity of the same. It is also the leading cause of death in young individuals. And many survivors are left with significant disabilities that result in a large socio-economic burden. Objective: To compare mortality in severe cranioencephalic trauma (CET), in which decompressive craniectomy was performed versus those that were managed conservatively in patients who were treated in the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo specialty hospital in Guayaquil from January 2017 to May 2018. Methodology: an observational descriptive study with a retrospective crosssection. The universe of our study was 180 patients admitted to the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo with the severe CET diagnostic during the period January 2017 to May 2018. Of these 180 patients, 100 had complete records so all were included in the study. Results: The Mann-Whitney U test showed that the median of the craniectomy group was 64.64 and that of the conservative group was 38.93; which showed that performing decompressive craniectomy in patients shows a tendency to moderate sequelae. With a p of 0.000. Conclusion: The results of our study we can conclude that performing decompressive craniectomy in patients with severe cranioencephalic trauma vs offering them a conservative treatment improves their quality of life, showing inclination to good recovery and mild disability at the time of hospital discharge; as well as a lower mortality.