Complicaciones de la nutrición parenteral en neonatos ingresados a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales del Hospital General Guasmo Sur, periodo mayo 2017, enero 2018.

Abstract

Introduction: Neonates who are able to live are those who enter the NICU area, so they need a permanent intravenous line for the administration of fluids, drugs and parenteral nutrition. The nutrients that enter through the parenteral route are necessary to improve the energy needs and maintain the adequate nutritional status. The metabolic complications that preterm infants can present during their stay in the NICU area are many, depend on their adequate contribution and the calculation based on age, body size, hydration status, environmental factors, underlying diseases and the nutritional status. Objective: To evaluate the effect of parenteral nutrition of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: This is a non-experimental, descriptive, retrospective research, whose data were provided by the statistics department of the General Hospital of South Guasmo, which includes the numbers of the medical records of all patients corresponding to the diagnosis of complication. Of parenteral nutrition in the period between May 2017 and January 2018. Results: A total of 64 valid cases were found, which were divided into groups by gestational age, which, as a result, the neonates with 35-39 weeks with 36 neonates with 92.2%, followed by the range 29 - 34 weeks with 21 neonates with 32.8% and those of 22 - 28 weeks with 2 neonates corresponding to 3.1%. Conclusion: In this study, with less than 2 weeks of catheter permanence, hyperglycemia was the most important complication, but after two weeks, embolism in the first place and fungal endocarditis in the second place were the most relevant. It is evident that the time of use of the catheter corresponds to the time of parenteral nutrition.