Reflujo vesicoureteral primario, con ITU confirmada y la asociación con cicatrices renales detectadas por gamagrafía renal con DMSA, en niños /as, atendidos en el Hospital Roberto Gilbert Elizalde durante el año 2014 - 2015.

Abstract

Background: Vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) is one of important pathology in pediatrics, usually diagnosed after an episode of urinary infection. Its incidence seems to have increased as a result of the use of ultrasound that has led to greater detection in the antenata l and postnatal stages. Ureteralvesical reflux brings with it the risk of renal scars, although it is still very controversial. In children with first episode of UTI, the incidence of VUR ranges between 20% and 40% (2) Objective: To establish the association between the grade of primary vesico-ureteral reflux and renal scars in pediatric patients with confirmed urinary infection. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, analytical, retrospective observational study was conducted in which a sample of 49 patients aged 0 to 1 7 years with VUR and urinary infection confirmed with a DMSA scintigraphy study was randomly included to establish the presence of renal scar, which met the selection criteria and which were treated at the Roberto Gilbert hospital in Guayaquil between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2015. Results: The average age was 4 ± 3 years. The female: male index was 1.45 to 1. In 73.5% of the cases, the causative agent was E. coli, 22.4%; of these was ESBL and 2% multi-resistant. 95.5% of the patients had antibiotic prophylaxis. The majority of VUR cases were grade IV (30.6%). There was a higher proportion of patients with renal scar in grade III reflux (71.4%), a trend without statistical significance (P 0.778). Conclusions: In children treated at this hospital, no association was found between the degree of VUR and the development of renal scars; it is possible that the cause is of multifactorial origin and that it influences a genetic predisposition. More studies are required in this regard.