Prevalencia de queratoconjuntivitis seca en pacientes caninos atendidos en la consulta de la Clínica Veterinaria “Dr. Pet” en la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

One of the main causes of keratoconjunctivitis in dogs is the deficiency of tears, and mucous secretion is the clinical manifestation that favors the loss of vision, a condition that cannot be reversed if the process is very advanced. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of dry Keratoconjunctivitis in canine patients with the presence of signs and symptoms of the disease, attended at the Dr. Pet Veterinary Clinic in the Guayaquil of city in the period from November-2017 to January-2018, for which 100 canines were sampled with symptoms and signs of QCS. The SCHIRMER test was used as a diagnostic method to determine the presence of tears in the eyes. Contingency tables were used to relate the categories of the variables and the chi-square test was applied to determine the presence of significant differences. It is concluded that the prevalence of QCS reaches 39 % (14 or less mm/mn) and 61 % is in a normal range according to the scale of the Schirmer Test (between 15 - 25 mm/mn). By categories, the highest intensity of involvement by QCS is found in critical (≤5 mm/mn) 46.2 %, followed by inadequate production (10 – 14 mm/mn) 43.5 % and inadequate production of tears (-10 / +5 mm/mn) 10.3 %. The senile animals are more predisposed to contract the disease (77.8 %), as well as the males (53.8 %), however, within the categories of critics the females reach a 55.6 % affectation. The Shih Tzu breed has the highest prevalence percentage of QCS with 35.9 %, followed by Poodle (15.4 %) and Yorkshire Terrier (12.8 %).